[NI001]


CHARLES EZRA GOODYEAR was the Great Great Grandson of "Molly Pitcher."
View Charles Goodyear's birth record
View Goodyear 1900 census
View 1910 Census
View 1920 Census
View 1930 Census

[NI006]
JOHN L. HAYS was listed as a Sergeant in the Muster-roll of Capt. Wm. Alexander's company of volunteers, belonging to the Fifth detachment Pennsylvania militia, under the command of Col. James Fenton, at Carlisle, during the War of 1812.
View John L. Hays' 1810 census
In 1816, John's daughter Sarah Jane was born. Records of the First Evangelical Lutheran Church in Carlisle, Vol.1, page 14 show his name as Johanes. This is not an Irish name, but very distinctly German in origin.
View this document
View 1830 census Note: His Mother, Mary Hays McCauley was living with him at the time.
View 1840 census
View 1850 census
View John L. Hays' Obituary

[NI015]
View Jones Family 1930 census

[NI016]
View Jones Family 1930 census

[NI017]


ANNIE HAYS GOODYEAR was a Great Granddaughter of "Molly Pitcher,"
She was known to the Wilsons and Kramers as "Aunt Cart."
View Hays 1860 census
View 1870 Census

In 1880 Annie lived in Carlisle working in the home of Samuel Haverstick as a servant. View Annie's 1880 census

View Goodyear Family 1900 census
View Annie's 1910 census
View 1920 Census
View 1930 Census
 

[NI018]
View John A. Hays' 1860 census
View 1880 census

[NI019]
View Jones Family 1930 census

[NI020]
View Vendetta 1920 census

[NI024]
View 1910 census for Edward Alexander Hays
View 1930 census

[NI034]

MARY LUDWIG "Molly Pitcher" HAYS

Mary Ludwig (or Ludwick) was born near Philadelphia on October 13, 1754,
She was born to immigrant German parents, and was not in any way "Irish".

Mary (or Molly) first married Casper Hays. A document in the Pennsylvania Archives shows that a marriage license was issued on July 24, 1769, and they were married the next day at St. Michael's and Zion Church in Philadelphia, PA.

Early researchers looked for a man named Hays in records of the Battle of Monmouth, and discovered a man named John Hays, an Infantryman. They assumed that Casper Hays and John Hays were the same person, and for many years, Molly’s husband was believed to be John Casper Hays.
Molly was never married to a man named John Hays.

After the early death of Casper, she married William Hays, who lived in Bristol, PA, just a few short miles north of Philadelphia. As was common in those times, William was most likely Casper's brother. The Hays family would have been responsible for Molly's welfare.

Molly was 15 years old when she first married. At that young age, it is only natural that she would pick up Irish words and phrases from her husbands.

In 1883, Wesley Miles published an article regarding his memories of Molly Pitcher. Over 50 years after Molly’s death, he recalls that Molly spoke with an Irish brogue. He was 6 or 7 years old when he knew her, and probably wouldn't have known an Irish brogue from a German accent.

Additionally, statements that Molly spoke with an Irish brogue could not possibly be true, since 99% of the Irish population at that time were Scots-Irish and spoke with a Scottish accent. However, Molly spoke with neither of these accents.

William Hays first enlisted in the Army in his home town of Bristol, PA, on May 10, 1777.

During the battle of Monmouth, June 28th, 1778, with temperatures approaching 100 degrees, the wife of William Hays, by then a Gunner Private of Proctor's 4th Artillery, was carrying water in a
pitcher (or more likely, a bucket) to the soldiers, and to cool the blazing cannons. For this service, they called her “Molly Pitcher.” During the battle, her husband was struck down, but not killed as many claim, and the cannon was ordered to be withdrawn. She immediately seized the rammer and continued to assist in serving the cannon until the battle ended.

At the close of the war she went with William to Carlisle, PA, where they acquired Lot #257. A Plan of Carlisle shows this property.

The Tax Rate books from 1783 show that William owned, “1 House & Lot,” and that he was a Barber.

Their only child, Johanes Ludwig Hays, was born in 1783.

In the 1785 Tax Rate Books, William is shown as owning;
“1 House and Lot Rented
1 Ditto his own
1 Cow”

William Hays died in 1787. His burial place is unknown with certainty, although a stone bearing only the name “Hays” can be found in the Old Graveyard in Carlisle.

In 1778 Molly appeared before the Orphans Court, to sell a portion of William Hays’ land in Carlisle, to support her son, John L. Hays, and to pay taxes on said property. The Court approved this sale.
View 1788 Orphans' Court Document

She then married John McCalley (McCauley, McKolly).

The 1800 US census shows that in his household lived;
1 male age 45 or older (John McCauley),
1 female age 45 or older (Molly),
and 1 female under the age of 10.
This female child could possibly be the illegitimate child of John Ludwig Hays, Elizabeth Hays, whose descendants have contacted me. John L. Hays was not living with them, and there is no record of where he did live.
View 1800 census

On April 15, 1807, John McCauley, Molly, and her son John were forced to sell the Donation Lands left to her by William Hays as Bounty for his service during the Revolutionary War, for the sum of Thirty Dollars to James Brady of Greensburgh, Westmoreland County, PA.
View this document

The 1810 Federal census shows that John McCauley had died, and Mary “McColley” was shown as Head of Household. {View 1810 census},
and the statements so frequently made that Molly Pitcher was a young Irish woman originated from this name. The fact is she was of good Pennsylvania-German stock. When it was suggested that she was Irish, a reply would be, "No, she was Dutch as sauerkraut; her maiden name was Mary Ludwig!"


Molly and her son John lived in the log building on southeast corner of North and Bedford Streets in Carlisle.
After he married, John Ludwig Hays, his wife Elizabeth Reinhardt Hays, their children, and his mother, Molly, moved into the stone building next to it.

In 1816, Molly’s granddaughter Sarah Jane Hays was born. Records of the First Evangelical Lutheran Church, Vol.1, page 14, now housed at the Lutheran Theological Seminary in Gettysburg, PA, show that Sarah’s parents were Johanes Hays and Elisabeth (Reinhardt). This is further proof that Molly was German and not Irish. William Hays and his “Irish” wife would never have used a German name for their son. However, a German mother would.
It is also documented that Molly attended the Lutheran Church in Carlisle, as did most Germans of the time, and not the Presbyterian Church, as did most Irish.
View this Document

View John L. Hays' 1830 census. (Note: John's mother, Mary "Molly Pitcher" Hays McCauley, was living with him at that time and until her death, and is listed as being between 70 and 80 years old, therefore having been born between 1750 and 1760).

From the CARLISLE AMERICAN VOLUNTEER:
"Died on Sunday last in this borough, at an advanced age, Mrs. Molly McCauley. She lived during the days of the American Revolution, sharing its hardships, and witnessed many scenes of blood and carnage. To the sick and wounded she was an efficient aid. Mary had one child, a son by her first marriage, who served as a soldier in the war of 1812."

The Reverend Joseph A. Murray, of Carlisle, added a detail to the death notice.
"Very distinctly do I remember her son, John L. Hays." he said, "The initial L is for Ludwig. He was named after his maternal grandfather. He was tall and straight and was called Sergeant Hays, as he occupied that position in the old infantry company."

Various statements are made in regard to her recognition by the Government. The following extract from the American Volunteer, February 21, 1822, not only shows what was done by the State, but, also shows that by common consent, at a time when many were living who could have disputed the facts, the general statements in regard to her history were accepted.
"A bill has passed both Houses of the Assembly granting an annuity to Molly McCauly (of Carlisle) for services she rendered during the Revolutionary war. It appeared satisfactorily that this heroine had braved the hardships of the camp and dangers of the field with her husband, who was a soldier of the revolution, and the bill in her favor passed without a dissenting voice. -Chronicle."
View this document

According to the records at Harrisburg, no application was made for this pension after January 1, 1832, a fact corroborative of 1832 as the year of her death.
View this document

Molly’s descendants, all by William Hays, were highly respectable citizens.
Her son, John L. Hays, died in Carlisle in about 1853, and was buried with the honors of war. His sons, William R. Hays, George R. Hays, John A. Hays, who was street commissioner in 1883, and Frederick R. Hays, lived in Carlisle. His daughter, Polly Hays McCleester, lived at Papertown, Mt. Holly Springs. Polly remembered her grandmother very well, and at age 81 unveiled the first monument to her, cut by Peter Spahr, and erected in the “Old Cemetery” at Carlisle. It bears the following inscription:


MOLLIE McCAULY
Renowned in history as
MOLLIE PITCHER
The Heroine of Monmouth
Died Jan 1833
Aged 79 years


Erected by the Citizens of
                  Cumberland County
July 4, 1876



The date of her birth and age on this headstone were incorrect for a time, but the date was corrected several years later. Mr. Spahr had known Molly’s birth date was indeed 1754, and mis-cut the headstone to reflect that date. The year of her birth on the 1916 Monument remains incorrect.

The first true memorial to Molly was unveiled on June 28, 1905, the 127th Anniversary of the Battle of Monmouth, and was placed by the Patriotic Order Sons of America.. They erected a flagpole, and placed a cannon with the barrel over Molly's grave. The carriage of this cannon bore a metal plate with the inscription;
Erected in memory of

Mollie McKolly
renowned in history as
Mollie Pitcher,
by the P.O.S. of A. of Cumberland
County, 1905


In 2000, the United States Field Artillery Association, in conjunction with their "Historian for the Molly Pitcher Project," a Mrs. Constance McDonald, based on "research" by Merri Lou Schaumann, a local Carlisle "Historian", erected a stone and bronze marker at the base of the 1916 Memorial Monument to Molly in the Old Graveyard, Carlisle, PA.

This marker boldly claims, with no proof whatsoever, that; "THE NAME 'LUDWIG' IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH MOLLY PITCHER"

However, the following Notarized affidavit, though not actually proof to some "scholars" indicates otherwise.

State of Pennsylvania,
County of Cumberland, ss:

Before me, a Notary Public in and for said State and County, personally appeared Mary E. Wilson, who, after having been by me duly sworn according to law, doth depose and say that she is now 48 years old and resides in Carlisle, where she has lived all her life, and that she is the daughter of Frederick McCleaster, who was the son of John and Polly McCleaster, the said Polly McCleaster being the daughter of John Hays, who was the son of Molly McKolly, otherwise known as "Molly Pitcher," whose maiden name was Mary Ludwig.....

Etc.

Witnessed my hand this 13th of Aug., 1903 (Signed) Mrs. Mary E. Wilson.
Sworn and subscribed before me this 13th of Aug., 1903.


Unless Primary Documentation is furnished to the contrary, this site will continue using the name,
MARY LUDWIG.

I am certain that no such documentation exists.

View "The Real Pennsylvania Dutch American, MollyPitcher" by Robet C. Goodyear (Adobe .pdf file)
View Short Version (Adobe .pdf file)

[NI039]
View Kleinschmidt Family 1930 census

[NI040]



MARY "MAME" HAYS WILSON was a Great Granddaughter of Molly Pitcher.
View Mary (Mame) Hays Wilson's 1930 census. (Note: Mary was living with her son, Harry, at the time)


[NI041]
View Leon Leander Wilson's 1880 census
View 1900 Census
View 1910 census
View 1920 census

[NI042]
View George Wilson's 1930 census

[NI053]
View McCleaster Family 1870 census

[NI054]
View McCleaster 1860 census
View 1870 census

[NI055]
View McCleaster Family 1870 census

[NI056]
View McCleaster Family 1870 census

[NI057]
View George Wilson's 1880 census
View 1900 census

[NI058]



ELLEN "BAMI" HAYS KRAMER was a Great Granddaughter of "Molly Pitcher."
View Ellen (Hays) Kramer's 1900 census
View Ellen's Obituary


[NI060]
View Franklin Kramer's 1870 census
View 1880 Census

[NI061]
View Kramer 1900 census
View 1930 census

[NI063]
View Kramer 1900 census
In 1910 Franklin was living with his wife's family. View Basom 1910 census
View 1920 census
View 1930 census Part 1
View 1930 census Part 2

[NI064]
View Kramer 1900 census
View Clarence and Verna's 1930 census

[NI065]
View Kramer 1900 census
View Morris "Hap" Kramer's 1910 census

[NI066]
View Kramer 1900 census

[NI067]
View Kramer 1900 census

[NI073]
Ella Marie Kramer (Bender) is the only woman to be admitted into the Daughters of the American Revolution (DAR) using Mary Ludwig (Molly Pitcher) as her Patriot Ancestor.

[NI076]
View Arbegast 1910 census
View 1930 census

[NI078]


EZRA GOODYEAR was born in February, 1848 in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, the second child of four to the first marriage of Benjamin Curtis Goodyear. His mother, Catherine Stoner, died when he was only four and a half years old, and he, along with his siblings, were raised by Benjamin's second wife, Catherine Ramp.

In July of 1863, near Harrisburg, PA, he joined a group of soldiers of the 8th Illinois Cavalry who had escorted the body of General Elon Farnsworth from Gettysburg. He rode with them to Alexandria, Virginia, was put into uniform, and sworn in at Petersville, Maryland on July 18, 1863. The officer who swore him in asked his age and he said he was 18, for fear they would not accept him. He was actually only 15 years and six months old.

A "description" card in his Military records shows that he was (supposedly) 18 years old, stood 5' 5 1/2", had brown hair and eyes, and a fair complexion.
Another document shows that he was enlisted for a period of "3 years (or war)."

View Ezra's Militray Records.

Joined Company K, 8th Illinois Cavalry Regiment on August 17, 1863 near Martlet's Station, Virginia.
Fought on September 13, 1863 at Culpeper, VA.
From Octoeber 31, 1863 to April 30, 1864 he was listed as "With detachment in Army of Potomac."
Fought on July 7, 1864 at Monocacy, MD.
Fought on July 8, 1864 at Frederick, MD.
Fought on July 9, 1864 at Monocacy, MD. ("The Battle that saved Washington")
Fought on July 18, 1864 at Cockeysville, MD.
Fought on July 30, 1864 at Monocacy, MD.
Fought on October 9, 1864 at Piedmont, VA.
Fought on October 10, 1864 at Reedtown, VA.
Fought on October 11, 1864 at White Plains, VA.
Fought on October 30, 1864 at Upperville, MD
Fought on November 11, 1864 at Manassas Junction, VA.

From January through April of 1865 he was "On Detached Service" with General Sheridan's forces in and around Burke's Station, Virginia. It was near there (Sailors Creek) on April 6, 1865 that Sheridan's forces cut off, and killed or captured 7,600 of the remaining Confederate forces, and in so doing, helped bring about their final surrender on April 9, 1865.

Ezra was never wounded in any of these engagements.

The 8th Illinois was mustered out on July 17, 1865, at Benton Barracks, St. Louis, MO.
View Certificate of Service

Silas Wesson was also a member of Company "K," 8th Illinois Cavalry.
Although Mr. Wesson never mentions Ezra Goodyear, they most certainly knew each other, and experienced the same battles, skirmishes and hardships. View Silas Wesson's Civil War Diary

Ezra returned to Plainfield, Illinois, with his fellow soldiers until at least March, 1866, then back to his home in Carlisle, where he first married Ellen Day.They had two daughters, Mary Catherine and Minnie, before Ellen died in 1870.
View Goodyear 1870 census
View 1880 Census

He later married Anna Hays, Great Granddaughter of Mary "Molly Pitcher" Ludwig Hays.

In 1890 Ezra worked as an engineer and the family lived at 105 Hermit Street, Roxboro, Philadelphia, PA.
View 1890 Philadelphia City Directory

In 1900 Ezra worked as a watchman and the family lived on Cresson Street, Roxboro, Philadelphia, PA.
View Goodyear Family 1900 census
They had three children; Eva, Frederick Hays, and Charles Ezra.

Ezra died on March 7, 1904 in Manayunk, Philadelphia, and is buried in Westminster Cemetery, Bala Cynwyd, Pa.
View Ezra's Obituary

[NI081]
View Kell 1900 census

[NI082]
View Herman Bender Family 1930 census

[NI098]
View John McCalley's 1800 census

[NI117]
View Goodyear 1900 census
View Fred's 1920 census
View1930 census

[NI119] Died of Peritonitis

[NI128]
View Willaim R. Hays' 1860 census
View 1870 census

[NI129]
View George Hays' 1860 census

[NI131] View Arbegast 1930 census Part 1
View 1930 census Part 2

[NI132]
View Arbegast 1910 census
View Arbegast 1930 census Part 1
View 1930 census Part 2

[NI136]
William HAYS enlisted May 10, 1777 in Proctors 4th Artillery in his home town of Bristol, PA. He was on the muster rolls at Valley Forge from December 177 to June 1778. He fell from heat exhaustion on June 28, 1778 at the Battle of Monmouth, and his wife, Mary Ludwig "Molly Pitcher" Hays took his place at the cannon he was attending.

[NI143]
View Hays 1870 census (Note: Anna's mother, Mary McFate, was living with them at the time.)

[NI144]
View Jesse Hays' 1880 census
View 1900 census

[NI145]
JOHN MILTON HAYS served during the Civil War as a Private in Company A, 126th Pennsylvania Volunteers from July 1862 to May 1863.
View Veterans Schedule
View John M. Hays' 1870 census
View 1900 census

[NI146]
View Frederick Hays' 1870 census
View 1880 census
View 1900 census

[NI147]
View Reinhart 1790 census
View 1800 census
View 1810 census

[NI160]
View Margaret Hays Pierpont's 1910 census

[NI161]
View William J. Hays' 1900 census

[NI165]
View Herbert Hays' 1910 census

[NI166]
View Walter Leon Wilson's 1930 census

[NI168]
View Harry Wilson's 1930 census. (Note: His mother, Mary (Mame) Hays Wilson was living with him at the time)

[NI182]
V iew Jacob F. Hays' 1900 census

[NI184]
View Matin Hays' 1900 census

[NI186]
View Harry M. Wilson's 1930 census

[NI199]
View the Fred Goodyear Family 1930 census

[NI201]
View the Fred Goodyear Family 1930 census

[NI202]
View the Fred Goodyear Family 1930 census

[NI203]
View 1920 census
View 1930 Census

[NI205]
View 1930 census

[NI206]
View Makem 1930 census

[NI211]
In 1930 the Zell Family lived on Lindley Avenue in Philadelphia.
View Zell Family 1930 census

[NI216]
View Frederick Hays' 1870 census
View 1880 census
V iew 1900 census

[NI222]
View Stewart Bender Family 1930 census

[NI248]


View Mascaro Family 1920 census
View Fitzwatertown Road 1930 census

VINCENZINA RACHEL MASCARO GOODYEAR's autobiography is available as;
a web page Memories,
an MS Word Document Memories
or as an Acrobat PDF Document Memories

[NI261]
View Charles Hays' 1920 census

[NI262]
View Jesse L. Hays' 1930 census

[NI270]
View Eugene Hays' 1920 census

[NI274]
View George T. Hays' 1900 census
View 1920 census (Note: Georges' mother, Mary, was living with him at the time)

[NI293]
View Irene Hays Kulla's 1930 census

[NI303]
View Gardner Wilson's 1850 census

[NI353]
View John Kramer's 1870 census
View 1880 Census

[NI385]
View Bender Family 1900 census

[NI430]
View Irwin 1910 census
View 1920 Census

[NI433]
Name: Hans Georg Ludwick
Arrival Year: 1750
Arrival Place: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Annotation: Taken from original manuscripts in the state archives. Names given throughout pages 1-677. Foreigners arriving in Pennsylvania named on pages 521-667. No. 3776, Kelker, supplements this.

Source Bibliography: EGLE, WILLIAM HENRY, editor Names of Foreigners Who Took the Oath of Allegiance to the Province and State of Pennsylvania, 1727-1775, with the Foreign Arrivals, 1786-1808. (Pennsylvania Archives, ser. 2, vol. 17.) Harrisburg [PA]: E.K. Meyers, 1890. 787p. Reprinted by Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, 1967.
Page: 321

[NI447]
View Reinhart 1790 census
View 1800 census
View 1810 census
View 1820 census

[NI449]
View Helmuth 1920 census

[NI495]

View Helmuth/Swigear 1900 census
View Henry Helmuth's 1920 census

[NI499]
View Helmuth 1870 census
View Helmuth 1880 census

[NI503]
View Swigear 1900 census (Part 1)

[NI504]
View Helmuth 1870 census
View Helmuth 1880 census

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